Hoisting mechanism for tilting bodies of dump vehicles



May 5, 1925.

- M. s. MARTIN HOISTING MECHANISM FOR TILTING'BODIES 0F DUMP VEHICLES Filed March 26, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Inverziar 77Zelvz'vz 6. 77ZarZ'z'nQ Q-Z'lb rne ys M. s. MARTIN HOISTING MECHANISM FOR TILTING BODIES 0F DUMP VEHICLES Filed March 26, 1923 2 heets-Sheet 2 a??? r11 eys Patented May 5, 1925.

UNITED STATES I 1,53 ,960 PATENT OFFICE.

MELVIN SJMARTIN, F MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO GRANT or s'r. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

HOISTING MECHANISM FOR TILTING BODIES OF DUMP VEHILLES. 7

Application filed March 26, 1923. Serial No. 627,562.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, MELVIN citizen of 'the' United States, residing in Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented anew and useful Hoisting Mechanism for Tilting Bodies of DumpVehicles, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to means for tilting the body of dump vehicles to a predetermined angle to facilitate unloading anddistributing sand, gravel, coal and any other material which is being carried. The means employed comprising my improvement includes in its mechanism-lever elements which are interposed between the chassis of the vehicle and the dump body, said lever elements being swung to tiltthe body upwardly by any suitable ram, winch or power element.

An object is to provide improved mechanism for tilting the body in which there is substantially no dead center of the operating parts while turning the rocker element employed, substantially 180 degrees. A further object is to provide in the lever mechanism employed a shifting movement from a long to a shorter lever after the body is well tilted whereby greater; leverage is provided during the initial lifting or tilting of theload and less power is required'to complete tilting of the body, or Without the expenditure of more power the further 'tilting of the body may be accomplished at in-' creased speed. Thls in particular is ad vantageous for lifting very heavy loads.

A further object is to evenly distribute the application of force by the power element to the dump receptacle so that warping or twisting movement of the body'or chassis frame will not cause increased friction or binding of the lever mechanism employed.

A further object is to provide compensation of the parts by the particular mounting and construction thereof that will eliminate.

uneven body and hoist strains when the load is greater on one side of the body than on the other or when the vehicle is standing on a hill side or uneven ground and the chassis frame is twisted or warped and par- 'ticularly when thejbody is being tilted into dumping position.

A further object is to provide improved S MAn'riN, a

means for suspending or mounting. the cylinder in view of the aforesaid even distribution of power.

Further objects are among others to provide improved folding links in the lever mechanism and action thereof and to provide adjusting features of the various parts employed. l

' In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a plan of a portion of a chassis frame having a portion of a dump body thereon which is designed to be tilted by my improved mechanism, said mechanism and body being shown in position when the body isv in lowermost position and portions of the said mechanism being broken away and insection to more clearly show the construction of the parts,

and Fig. 2 is a section of Fig.-. 1 taken on the line 2-2, the dotted lines indicating the position assumed by the parts when the dump body is tilted into upward inclineddumping position.

In this specification of which the draw;

ings form a part only so much of achassis and dump body are illustrated as is required to show the application of my improved mechanism thereto, the generalconstruction of dump vehicles being familiar to. those skilled in the art to which this invention relates.

In the drawings, A designates the longitudinal sidebars of an ordinary vehicle chassis and B indicates a portion of the hydraulic type but it should be understood that a ram of any desired form may be employedsuch as of a mechanical, electrical or any other type. The ram'shown has a hydraulic cylinder 10 disposed longitudinally of the chassis, said cylinder being providedwith end caps 11 and 12, threaded thereon, the cap 11 being formed with an end bracket 13 having a horizontal and transverse bearing 14:, and the cap 12 being formed with an 'endlongitudinal gudgeon 15 for the purpose of assisting in supporting the cylinder in i the following manner so as to compensate for twisting and warping movement of the chassis and body supporting frame.

The bearing 14 is mounted upon and secured to the shaft 16 by a bolt 17 and the ends of said shaft are journaled in upwardly extending brackets 18 and 19 which are secured to the side bars A of the chassis and thus support a portion of the weight of the cylinder at two laterally disposed points. A. transverse supporting bar 20 (see Fig. 2) near and below the forward end of the cylinder is rigidly secured to the side bars A. of the chassis and to this supporting bar 20 is fastened by bolts 21 a bearing member 22 in which the gudgeon 15 is journaled to thus provide a single movable joint which permits free turning movement of the cylinder under twisting movements of the chassis, and thus overcome any tendency to strain any of the parts.

Inside the cylinder is the usual piston 23 from which extends the thrust shaft 24, said shaft being adapted to slide through the gland 25 in the cap 12. The outer extremity of shaft 24 is secured to the median portion of a horizontal yoke member 26 and the ends of this yoke member have attached thereto the outer ends of pull rods 27 and 28. Each pull rod passes freely through an opening 29 in the yoke which is larger in diameter than the diameter of the pull rod and each pull rod is secured to the yoke by a bearing collar 30 and lock nuts 31 threaded on the rod, said nuts providing longitudinal adjustment of the rods on the yoke to permit lengthening or shortening of the connection between the yoke and the part to which the rolis are attached at their ends opposite the yo e.

The shaft 16 furnishes a pivotal support for two rocker members 32 and 33 resembling sleeves journaled upon the shaft 16 and provided near their inner ends with rearwardly extending integral lever arms 34 and 35 and a pair of fulcrums 36 offset from and adjacent to the opposite sides of each arm and below the shaft. Each sleeve is also formed with a downwardly'extending lever, there being a pair of said levers 37 and :38 disposed outwardly near the outer extremities of the pair of sleeves 32 and 33. Elevating reaches 39 and 40 extend upwardly from the levers 37 and'38 to the lowersides of-the body frame, the attachment at the lower ends of the reaches being by means of the pivot pins 41 to the lever members 37 and 38 and the attachment at the upper ends being by means of pivot pins 42 passing through the head pieces 43 of the reaches and bearings 44 secured to the side members C-C and longitudinal members 45 and 46 which are attached to the cross bars DD constituting part of the body supporting frame.

asaeeo Pairs of links 47 and 48 are pivoted to the rearward extremities of the lever arms 34 and 35 by pins 49 and to the rearward extremities of the pair of pull rods 27 and 28 by pins 50 and are normally folded against the fulcrums 36 on said lever arms so that during the lifting thrust movement of the .yoke and piston rod said links unfold from member is the distance between the shaft 16 and the pivotal connection 50, joining the rods 27 and 28 and links 47 and 48, and when the links 47 and 48 cease to fulcrum against members 36 the length of the turning lever is shorter, it being the length of the arm 34 or 35. The shifting from the long to the shorter lever is accomplished after the body is well tilted. Less power is therefore required to tilt the body beyond this position, so it will be appreciated that without the expenditure of more power, the further tilting of the body may be accomplished at increased speed. The folding link connection between the connecting" rods 27 and 28 and the rocker members 32 and 33 not only accomplishes the changes in lever action, just described, but permits of turning the rocker members 32 and 33 through substantially 180 degrees, during which movement the application of power is efficiently transmitted to, said members 32 and 33. In other words, there is no waste of power occasioned by pulling against dead v center.

Stop lugs 51 on the sleeve members 32 and 33 and stop lugs 52 on the brackets 18 and 19 are arranged so that one member 51 will strike one of the members 52 and limit the upward swinging movement of the body and prevent jack-knifing of the reaches 39 and 40 and levers 37 and 38 and the unhampered fall of the body. The broken line position on Fig. 2 shows the reaches and levers partly extended. The pipe 53 is an inlet oil lead to the cylinder 10 and the pipe 54 leads from a by-pass, which is uncovered by the piston when the body is fully elevated. The adjusting nuts 31 permit of adjustment to insure the uncovering of the by-pass by the piston prior to the engagement of the lugs 51 and 52.

Changes in construction and operation are contemplated within the scope of the followmg claims without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention what I- claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentis: y

1. In a machine of the class set forth, a chassis frame, a dump body movablymounted thereon totilt, a rocker member on said frame connected with said body to tilt the latter upwardly when turned in one dircction and lever means for turning said rocker element having a shifting movement from a long lever to a shorter'one after the body is partially tilted.

2. In a machine of the class set forth, a chassis frame, a dump body movably mounted thereon to tilt, a rocker member on said frame having lever members, one being conceptacle to tilt the latter on said frame, a

ram having its head end mounted adjacent to said support and lever mechanism on said rocker element coupled to the thrust element of said ram, said lever mechanism having a shifting movement from a long lever to a shorter one after the thrust element is partly projected and the body is partially tilted.

4. In a mechanism of the'class set forth, a chassis frame, a dump body movably mounted thereon to tilt, a transverse shaft on said frame, a rocker element adapted to turn about the axis of said shaft and connected with said body to tilt the latter on said frame, a ram having its head end mounted chassis frame, a dump body movably mounted thereon to tilt, a rocker member on said frame having the equivalent of three arm members, one being connected with said dump body to raise the same when the rocker member is turned in one direction and another forming a fulcrumwhereby force against the same in one direction tends to turn the rocker member and impart said raising movement to said body, a link hinged to the remaining of said arm members and bearing part of the time between itsends upon said'fulcrum, and means for pulling said link first while the link bears upon said fulcrum to effect the early portion of said tilting movement under long lever action and second while the link is out of contact with said fulcrum to effect the final tilting movement under short lever action.

6. In a mechanism of the class set forth, a chassis frame,-a dump body movably mounted thereon to tilt, a pair of supporting members mounted upon the opposite sides of said chassis frame, a shaft mounted upon said supports across the chassis frame, a ram having a longitudinally disposed body, one end of said body being mounted upon said shaft and its other end journaled to turn about its axis upon said chassis frame, a pair of rocker elements mounted to turn about the axis of said shaft and coupled with said body to tilt the latter upwardly, a lever mechanism unit on each of said rocker elements, and a yoke on the thrust element of said ram having its ends coupled to the lever mechanism units, each of said lever mechanism units having means whereby the leverage shifts from a long lever to a shorter one after the thrust element is partly projected and before the body is fully tilted.

7. In a mechanism of the class set forth, a chassis frame, a dump body movably mounted thereon to tilt, a transverse shaft on said frame, a rocker element adapted to turn about the axis of said shaft and connected with said body to tilt the latter on said frame, a ram having'its head end mounted upon said shaft, lever mechanism on said rocker element, means for limiting the turning of said rocker element about the axis of said shaft to limit the upward tilting movement of said body, and coupling means between said lever mechanism and the thrust element of said ram.

8. In a mechanism of the class set forth, a chassis frame having side bars and a transverse support, a shaft disposed transversely and supported near its ends upon said side bars, a ram having one end of its body jour-r naled to turn about its longitudinal axis upon said transverse support and its other end held by said shaft whereby a three point suspension is provided on said frame for the ram body and warping movement of the frame is freely compensated, a dump body movably mounted to tilt up and down on said chassis frame, and lever mechanism connected through said shaft with the thrust element of said ram, and with the dump body, whereby a tilting movement is adapted to be imparted to said body by the ram.

9. In a mechanism of the class set forth, a chassis frame, a dump body movably mounted thereon to tilt, a transverse support on said frame, a rocker element adapted to turn on said support and connected with said body to tilt the latter on said frame, a ram having its head end mounted adjacent to said support, lever mechanism on said rocker element, and a coupling adjustable in length secured to the thrust element of the ram and co-operating with said lever mechanism to impart motion to the rocker element, said lever mechanism having a shlfting movement from a long lever to a shorter one after the thrust element is partly projected and the body is Well tilted. 10

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

MELVIN S. MARTIN. 

